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The effect of Gamma and Beta radiation on pests and biochemical properties of Zahedi and Mozafati date varieties

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran

2 Member of the academic faculty of Tehran University

3 Professor, Temperate Fruits Research Center, Horticultural Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Karaj, Iran.

4 Associate professor of nuclear engineering, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute (NSTRI), Tehran, Iran

5 Dept. Food Sci. Tecnol. Univ. Tehran

10.22092/fooder.2024.366131.1396

Abstract

Considering the need to replace methyl bromide, the effect of Gamma and beta rays on the control of sawtoothed beetle and Mediterranean moths and the biochemical properties of fruit in two date varieties, Zahedi and Mozafati, were investigated. Packaged dates were exposed to doses of 0, 250, 500, 750, 1000 and 1250 g. Cobalt-60 source and beta radiation of 10 mega electron volts beam energy were used for irradiation. The results showed that the 90% lethal dose (LD90) of gamma radiation for the adult stage of the saw-toothed grain beetle on the Zahedi variety was 1132.33 Gy, and on the Mozafati variety, it was 1172.76 Gy. For the Mediterranean flour moth larvae, the LD90 on the Zahedi variety was 1055.16 Gy, and on the Mozafati variety, it was 1126.06 Gy. Furthermore, the 90% lethal dose (LD90) of beta radiation for the adult stage of the saw-toothed grain beetle on the Zahedi variety was 1160.92 Gy, and on the Mozafati variety, it was 1255.97 Gy. For the Mediterranean flour moth larvae, the LD90 on the Zahedi variety was 1177.67 Gy, and on the Mozafati variety, it was 1340.16 Gy. In both figures, the slope of the Brix index increased with increasing radiation dose and was higher in Gamma radiation treatments than in Beta radiation. The content of reducing sugars decreased with the gradual increase of the radiation dose level up to 1250 Gy compared to the control. Resistance to sugar content reduction was observed between 500 and 1000 g doses. With increasing radiation dose, the phenolic compound content gradually decreased. Also, the iron oxidation-reduction potential increased with increasing radiation dose. No significant difference was observed between the data of color parameter treatments. Results indicated that irradiation of date fruits of Zahedi and Mozafati cultivars of the estimated doses 1000 to 1250 Gy controlled two important storage pests of dates; bedide that, irradiation did not have significant negative effect on the biochemical properties of date cultivars.

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References
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Food Engineering Research
Volume 23, Issue 2 - Serial Number 77
Autumn and winter 2024
December 2024
Pages 105-128
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