نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مربی پژوهشی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس

2 مربی پژوهشی ایستگاه تحقیقاتی انجیر استهبان

3 مربی پژوهشی موسسه تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی کرج

چکیده

این پژوهش به‌منظور جلوگیری از رشد و فعالیت حشرات و میکروارگانیسم‌ها و حفظ کیفیت انجیر نیمه‌مرطوب اجرا شد.  ویژگی‌های میکروبیولوژیکی، فیزیکی، شیمیایی، و آفات انباری میوه انجیر رقم سبز استهبان به‌صورت نیمه‌مرطوب شده پس از 3 و 6 ماه نگهداری در دو دمای 25 و 40 درجه سلسیوس ارزیابی شد.  تیمارهای گازی اعمال شده شامل: 1- یکدرصد اکسیژن، 25درصد دی‌اکسید‌کربن و 74 درصد نیتروژن؛ 2- یکدرصد اکسیژن، 50 درصد دی‌اکسید‌کربن و 49درصد نیتروژن؛ 3- یکدرصد اکسیژن، 75درصد دی‌اکسید‌کربن و 24درصد نیتروژن؛ 4– 95 درصد خلأ؛ و 5- نمونه شاهد (هوای آزاد) (21 درصد اکسیژن، 3/0درصد دی‌اکسید‌کربن، و 78 درصد نیتروژن) بود.  نتایج نشان می­دهد که تیمارهای گازی مختلف بر بعضی ویژگی‌ها مانند رنگ، اسیدیته، رطوبت، تعداد کل باکتری‌ها، کپک، و مخمر تأثیر معنی‌داری ندارند (05/0p<).  اما تأثیر این تیمارها بر کاهش آفات انباری مانند لارو حشرات پس از 3 ماه نگهداری در دمای 25 درجه سلسیوس معنی‌دار است.  بیشترین تعداد لارو مرده در تیمار 95 درصد خلأ مشاهده شده است.  دمای 40 درجه سلسیوس به دلیل تأثیر بسیار نامطلوب بر رنگ و بافت، نمی­تواند برای نگهداری انجیر نیمه‌مرطوب دمایی مطلوب باشد. 

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Modified Atmosphere Packaging (MAP) on Increasing Shelf life of Semi-Moistened Figs from Stahban Region

چکیده [English]

The purpose of this research was to inhibit the proliferation of insects and microorganisms and to preserve the quality of semi-moistened figs. The microbiological, physical and chemical properties and storage pests of semi-moistened figs (cv. Sabz Stahban) in modified atmosphere packaging were evaluated after storage for 3 and 6 months at 25° and 40°C. The gas treatments tested were: 1) 74% N2 + 25% CO2 + 1% O2; 2) 49% N2 + 50% CO2 + 1% O2; 3) 24% N2 + 75% CO2 + 1% O2; 4) 95% vacuum; 5) control sample: 78% N2 + 0.3% CO2 + 21% O2. The effects of gas treatments on semi-moistened fig properties such as color, moisture, total count, mold and yeast, and acidity were insignificant. The effects of treatments were significant for storage pests, such as larva, after 3 months storage at 25°C. The most effective treatment for killing larva was 95% vacuum. Storage at 40°C was not suitable because of its adverse effect on the color and texture of the figs. It can be concluded that modified atmosphere packaging is a good replacement for methyl bromide.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Larva
  • Modified Atmosphere Packaging
  • semi-moistened fig
  • Storage Pests
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