نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان اصفهان،

چکیده

در پوسته خارجی (سبوس) اکثر غلات، به خصوص گندم، مواد بسیار مفیدی مثل کانی‌ها، فیبر‌های رژیمی، ویتامین‌ها و اسیدهای آمینه وجود دارد؛ ارزش غذایی سبوس گندم نیز به دلیل غنی بودن از فیبرهای رژیمی است.  با توجه به روند رو به افزایش مصرف سموم دفع آفات نباتی در گندم و از طرفی میزان بالای مصرف نان در جیره غذایی خانوارها، نگرانی‌هایی در خصوص باقیماندۀ سموم در سبوس گندم در نان و فراورده‌های سبوس دار وجود دارد.  این پژوهش به منظور بررسی و تعیین میزان باقیماندۀ سموم در سبوس گندم و اثر چند فراوری بر میزان کاهش آن اجرا شد و طی آن از روش‌های هیدراتاسیون گرم و سرد، پخت و هیدروترمال با بافر برای فراوری سبوس گندم استفاده شد.  بر اساس نتایج به دست آمده، نه تنها هر چهار فراوری میزان سموم باقیمانده در سبوس گندم (سموم دلتامترین، کاپتان، بروموپروپیلات، فوزالون و تترادیفون) را به ترتیب از 16/0، 315/0، 16/1، 807/1 و 017/0 قسمت در میلیون به حداقل رساندند، بلکه کاهش 33 تا 83 درصدی اسید فیتیک موجود در سبوس گندم نیز ثبت گردید.  از مزایای استفاده از روش‌های مذکور در فراوری سبوس گندم ضمن کاهش باقیماندۀ سموم می‌‌توان به بهبود خصوصیات تغذیه‌ای آن با استفاده از مزایای ویتامین‌ها، کانی‌ها و فیبرهای غذایی موجود درآن اشاره کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Processing on the Decrease in Phytic Acid and Pesticide Residue in Wheat Bran

چکیده [English]

Most cereals, especially wheat, contain nutrient-rich compounds such as minerals, dietary fiber, vitamins and amino acids in the outer layer of the grain (bran). The nutritional benefits of wheat bran, which is rich in dietary fiber, are well-known. The increasing use of pesticides in wheat culture and the consumption of diets high in wheat bread cause concern about pesticide residues in the bran, bread and other cereal products. This study determined the level of pesticide residue in wheat bran and the effects of the processing methods of hot and cold hydration, cooking and hydrothermal processing in acetate buffer solution on pesticide residue. The results indicate that all four treatments decreased the level of pesticide residue for deltamethrin (0.16 ppm), captan (0.315 ppm), bromopropylate (1.16 ppm), fozalon (1.807 ppm) and tetradifon (0.017 ppm) to minimum levels. It also decreased the phytic acid content of wheat bran samples 33%-83%. The decrease in pesticide residue and increased in nutritional quality, especially of vitamins, minerals and dietary fiber, are the main advantages of processing wheat bran using the methods tested in this study.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cold and Hot Hydration
  • Hydrothermal
  • pesticide residue
  • Phytic acid
  • wheat bran
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