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تأثیر فراصوت و ریزپوشانی کردن بر ویژگی‌های ترکیبات زیست فعال عصاره استخراج شده از تفاله انگور قرمز رقم رشه سردشت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی آذربایجان غربی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ارومیه،

2 استادیار پژوهش بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات،

3 دانشیار پژوهش بخش تحقیقات فنی و مهندسی کشاورزی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات،

چکیده

در این تحقیق، تأثیر فراصوت و ریزپوشانی کردن بر ویژگی‌های کمی و کیفی ترکیبات زیست فعال عصارۀ استخراج شده از تفاله انگور رقم رشه سردشت بررسی شده­است. برایبررسی تأثیر شدت و زمان فرایند فراصوۀاز روش سطح پاسخ استفاده شد. متغیرهای مستقل شامل شدت فراصوتو زمان فرایند به ترتیب در سه سطح 20، 60 و 100 درصد و 5، 10 و 15 دقیقه است. نتایج تحقیق نشان می­دهد ترکیبات فنلی، قدرت احیاکنندگی آهن سه ظرفیتی (FRAP) و گیرندگی رادیکال‌های آزاد (DPPH) با افزایش شدت فراصوت، ابتدا افزایش اما پس از آن کاهش می­یابد (p <0.05). در حالی‌که با افزایش زمان فرایند،ترکیبات فنلی، FRAp و DPPH کاهش پیدا می­کند (p <0.05).شرایط بهینه برای استخراج عصارۀ آبی پسماند انگور، شدت فراصوت 60 درصد و زمان فرایند 8.78 دقیقه تعیین شده­است. راندمان استخراج، میزان ترکیبات فنلی، FRAp و DPPH در این شرایط به ترتیب 14.99 درصد، 56.26 میلی‌گرم بر گرم، 1608.94 میکرومول آهن دو ظرفیتی بر لیتر و 78.80 درصد به‌دست آمد. عصارة بهینۀ استخراج شده از تفالۀ انگور قرمز با استفاده از مخلوط آلژینات کلسیم 0.1 درصد و مالتودکسترین در غلظت‌های 5، 10 و 15 درصد به روش خشک کردن انجمادی ریزپوشانی شد.نتایج تجزیۀ آماری داده‌ها نشان می­دهد با افزایش غلظت مواد دیواره، راندمان تولید، رطوبت، دانسیتة توده و قطر متوسط ذرات ریزکپسول‌ها، افزایش می­یابد (p <0.05). دمای انتقال شیشه‌ای تمام ریزکپسول‌ها از دمای محیط بیشتر است. پودر ریزپوشانی شده با 15 درصد مالتودکسترین دارای بالاترین ترکیبات فنلی، FRAp و DPPH و دمای انتقال شیشه‌ای است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

The effect of ultrasound and microencapsulation on characteristics of bioactive compounds of extracted from grape pomace Rashe Sardasht cultivar

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shahin Zomorodi 1
  • Elham Azarpazhooh 2
  • Parvin Sharayei 3

1 Associate Professor, Department of Engineering Research, West Azerbaijan Agricultural, Education and Natural Resources Research Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Urmia, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Engineering Research, Khorasan Agricultural, Education and Natural Resources Research Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Mashhad, Iran.

3 Associate Professor, Department of Engineering Research, Khorasan Agricultural, Education and Natural Resources Research Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Mashhad, Iran.

چکیده [English]

In this research, the effects of ultrasound and microencapsulation on quantitative and qualitative characteristics of bioactive compounds extracted from red grape of Roshe Sardasht cultivar were investigated. Response surface method was used to study the effects of intensity and process time of ultrasound. Independent variables included ultrasound intensity at three levels 20, 60 and 100% and process time also at three levels 5, 10, and 15 minutes. The results showed that with increasing ultrasound intensity, total phenolic compounds, Ferric reducing activity of plasma (RRAP) and DPPH free radical-scavenging assay increased, but then decreased (p < 0.05). Also with increasing the process time, the RRAP and DPPH assay decreased (P <0.05). , Ultrasound intensity at level of 60% and process time at level of 8.78 minutes were determined as optimum conditions for extraction of aqueous grape pomace. In this condition, the extraction efficiency, total phenolic compounds, the RRAP and DPPH assay were obtained 14.99%, 55.56 mg/g, 1608.94 μmole Fe2+/L and 78.80% respectively.
 Using the mixture of calcium alginate (0.1%) and maltodextrin with three concentration (5, 10 and 15%), the optimal extract of red grape pomace was microencapsulated by freeze drying method.
 The results of statistical analysis of the data showed that encapsulation yield, moisture, bulk density and particle size of the microencapsulated powders increased (P <0.05) with increasing the concentration of wall materials. The glass transition temperature of all microcapsules was higher than the ambient temperature. Microencapsulated powder with 15% maltodextrin had the highest phenolic content, FRAP, DPPH assay and glass transition temperature.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Agricultural by-product
  • Antioxidant
  • Process by-product
  • Sardasht
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تحقیقات مهندسی صنایع غذایی
دوره 19، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 69
دی 1399
صفحه 93-108
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هم رسانی
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