نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 گروه مهندسی و علوم صنایع غذایی- دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال

2 استادیار- گروه مهندسی و علوم صنایع غذایی- دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال

3 عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

چکیده

پلاستی‌سایزرهای موجود در مادۀ بسته‌بندی پلاستیکی، از جمله استرهای ترفتالات، بالقوه طی نگهداری به مادۀ غذایی مهاجرت می­کنند و مشکلاتی را در ایمنی و کیفیت حسی مواد غذایی به­ وجود می ­آورند. در این تحقیق، میزان مهاجرت کلی پلی‌اتیلن ترفتالات از بطری PET به درون نوشیدنی مالت گازدار در دماهای 5، 20 و 40 درجه سلسیوس طی 30 روز نگهداری در مادۀ شبیه‌ساز غذایی اسیدی (اسید استیک 3 درصد) بررسی گردید. میزان مهاجرت کلی در روزهای 10، 20 و 30 ارزیابی شد. داده‌های تجربی با معادلۀ آرنیوس برازش  و انرژی فعال‌سازی در دماهای 5، 20 و 40 درجه سلسیوس بررسی گردید. نتایج بررسی ­ها نشان داد که روند مهاجرت با گذشت زمان و افزایش دما افزایش می‌یابد. تغییر دمای نگهداری از 5 به 15 و بعد از آن افزایش دما به 40 درجه سلسیوس تأثیر زیادی در افزایش ضریب نفوذ جزء مهاجرت کننده دارد. میزان مهاجرت در دمای 5 درجه سلسیوس بسیار کم و برابر 1.50 میلی‌گرم بر دسی‌متر مربع طی نگهداری در دمای 25، 40 درجه سلسیوس و میزان انتشار اجزای مهاجرت کننده به ترتیب 2.66 و 4 میلی‌گرم بر دسی‌متر مربع گزارش شد (p<0.05). داده‌های به دست آمده از نتایج تجربی با نتایج معادلۀ آرنیوس برازش مناسبی داشت و این مدل وابستگی ضریب نفوذ با دما را به‌طور مناسبی توضیح داد. افزایش معنادار انرژی فعال‌سازی با افزایش دما (5 به 45 درجه سلسیوس) از 3.27 به 5.61 ژول بر مول مشاهده شد (p<0.05). بررسی مهاجرت فلزات سنگین در شرایط سخت‌گیرانۀ آزمایش (40 درجه سلسیوس طی 30 روز نگهداری) نشان داد که میزان مهاجرت فلزات (کروم، سرب، آرسنیک، جیوه و کادمیم) کمتر از حد استاندارد تعیین شده توسط استاندارد اروپایی است. از آنجایی­که دمای یخچالی دمای معمول نگهداری نوشیدنی مالت گازدار است، با توجه به داده‌های به دست آمده می‌توان ظروف PET را بسته‌بندی ایمن برای نوشیدنی مالت گازدار در نظر گرفت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Total Migration of Poly Ethylene Terephthalate and Heavy Metals into non-alcoholic Malt Beverage Simulant during Shelf Life

نویسندگان [English]

  • Marzieh Rasouli 1
  • Zahra BeigMohammadi 2
  • Mohammad Hossain Azizi 3

1 Department of Food Science and Technology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

2 Assistant Professor, Department of Food Science and Technology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

3 Department of Food science and Technology, College of Agriculture,Tarbiat ModaresUniversity ,Tehran,Iran

چکیده [English]

Plasticizers in plastic packaging materials, including terephthalate esters, can migrate into foods during storage, which can lead to safety and sensory food quality issues. In this study, the total migration rate of terephthalate esters from PET bottles into carbonated malt beverages was investigated at temperatures of 5, 20, and 40 °C during 30 days of storage in an acidic food simulant (acetic acid 3%). The total migration rate was evaluated after 10, 20 and 30 days. The data were in accordance with the Arrhenius equation, and the activation energy was studied at the above temperatures. The results showed that the migration process increased with increasing time and temperature. Changing the temperature from 5 to 45 °C significantly increased the diffusion coefficient of the migrating component (p < 0.05). The data had a good fit with the Arrhenius equation, and this model explained the dependence of the diffusion coefficient on temperature. A significant increase in activation energy was observed with increasing temperature. Migration of heavy metals under severe test conditions (40 °C during 30 days’ storage) showed that the migration rate of metals (Cr, Pb, As, Hg and Cd) was lower than the value specified by the European standard. In general, it can be said that the obtained data prove the safety of PET packaging containers for carbonated malt beverages, since the refrigerator temperature is the usual storage temperature for carbonated malt beverages.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Arrhenius
  • Activation energy
  • Polyethylene terephthalate
  • Heavy metals
  • Malt beverage
  • Migration
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