نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد رشته علوم و صنایع غذایی، گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشکده علوم زیستی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشکده علوم زیستی، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه علوم و صنایع غذایی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ورامین، ورامین-پیشوا، ایران

10.22092/fooder.2026.368326.1412

چکیده

مرزنجوش (Origanum vulgare L) به عنوان گیاه دارویی بومی، به علت فعالیت ضدباکتریایی، ضد قارچی، ضد ویروسی و آنتی­اکسیدانی  مورد توجه است. در این تحقیق برای استخراج عصاره مرزنجوش از حلال­ های آب، آب/اتانل و اتانل  با و بدون  فراصوت (در فرکانس 37 کیلوهرتز در دمای C35 به مدت 35 دقیقه) بهره­گیری شد. راندمان استخراج فنل کل، فلاونوئید و آنتوسیانین با حلال­ های آب/اتانل بیشتر از آب خالص و اتانل خالص بود. میزان IC50  به عنوان شاخص فعالیت آنتی اکسیدانی در عصاره مرزنجوش استخراج شده با فراصوت کاهش معنی­ دار در مقایسه با نمونه ­های شاهد داشت (0.05>p). از مخلوط مالتودکسترین/صمغ عربی در سیستم حلال کلروفرم/متانل به عنوان پوشش برای درون­پوشانی عصاره مرزنجوش استفاده شد. با توجه به تفاوت محتوی آنتوسیانین قبل و بعد از درون­پوشانی راندمان71/86 درصد برای فرآیند درون­پوشانی  مشاهده شد. جهت تولید ماست غنی شده از میکروکپسول­ های عصاره مرزنجوش با غلظت 0.3%، 0.6% و 0.9% استفاده شد. طبق نتایج حاصل افزودن عصاره میکروکپسوله مرزنجوش سبب کاهش معنی­دار pH و سینرسیس و افزایش معنی­دار  شمارش باکتری­های لاکتیکی گردید (0.05>p). تصاویر میکروسکوپ الکترونی مشخص کرد استفاده از عصاره مرزنجوش میکرو کپسوله شده در فرمولاسیون ماست منجر به ساختار فشرده­تر و منسجم ­تر در نمونه های ماست حاوی عصاره مرزنجوش به صورت میکرو کپسوله شده در مقایسه با نمونه شاهد مشاهده می شود. با توجه به اثرات مثبت فیزیکوشیمیایی و میکروبی تاثیر 0.9% از میکروکپسول­ های حاوی عصاره مرزنجوش بر ماست و با توجه به استفاده از حلال‌های غیرخوراکی در این مطالعه، تحقیقات آتی باید از حلال­های ایمن جهت درون پوشانی برای تولید تجاری استفاده گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Production of marjoram (Origanum vulgare L.) extract using ultrasound and extract capsulation: Effect on physicochemical properties of yogurt

نویسندگان [English]

  • heliya akbarlou 1
  • marjaneh sedaghati 2
  • Alireza shahab Lavasani 3

1 1- M.Sc. Graduate of Food Science and Technology, Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Biological Science, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

2 Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran

3 3- Associate Professor, Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, , Varamin-Pishva Branch, Islamic Azad University, Varamin, Iran

چکیده [English]

Origanum vulgare L. is a native medicinal plant of interest due to antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral and antioxidant activities. In this study, water, water/ethanol and ethanol solvents with and without ultrasound (at a frequency of 37 kHz at a temperature of 35°C for 35 minutes) were used to extract marjoram extract. The extraction efficiency of total phenols, flavonoids and anthocyanins with water/ethanol solvents was higher than pure water and pure ethanol.The IC50 value as an index of antioxidant activity in the ultrasonically extracted marjoram extract was significantly 0/05reduced compared to the control samples (p<0.05). A mixture of maltodextrin/gum arabic in a chloroform/methanol solvent system was used as a coating for encapsulating the marjoram extract. Considering the difference in anthocyanin content before and after encapsulation, the efficiency of the encapsulation process was 86.71% ± 0.93%. To produce enriched yogurt, marjoram extract microcapsules with concentrations of 0.3%, 0.6% and 0.9% were used. According to the results, the addition of microencapsulated marjoram extract caused a significant decrease in pH and syneresis and a significant increase0/05 in the number of lactic acid bacteria (p<0.05). Electron microscope images showed that the use of microencapsulated marjoram extract in yogurt formulation resulted in a more compact and cohesive structure in yogurt samples containing microencapsulated marjoram extract compared to the control sample. Considering the positive physicochemical and microbial effects of 0.9% microcapsules containing marjoram extract on yogurt and considering the use of non-edible solvents in this study, future research should use safe solvents for coating for commercial production.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Microencapsulation
  • Origanum vulgare L
  • Physicochemical properties
  • Ultrasound
  • Yogurt
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