نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

دانشگاه کردستان، دانشکده مهندسی، گروه مهندسی شیمی

10.22092/fooder.2026.371342.1436

چکیده

اسانس زیره سیاه با دارا بودن ترکیبات آنتی‌اکسیدانی کارآمد و خواص ضدباکتریایی قوی، به‌عنوان یک منبع طبیعی با پتانسیل بالای کاربرد در صنایع غذایی معرفی می‌شود. بهینه‌سازی شرایط عملیاتی تولید نانوامولسیون این اسانس تحت شرایط آب مادون بحرانی با روش پاسخ‌سطح، با توزیع یکنواخت، پایداری بالا و افزایش دسترسی زیستی ترکیبات فعال است. در تحقیق حاضر فرمولاسیون سه ماده فاز روغنی (اسانس زیره سیاه)، فاز آبی (آب‌مقطر) و امولسیفایر (توئین 80) به ترتیب با مقادیر حجمی 0.62، 21.63 و 2.75 میلی‌لیتر مخلوط گردیده و جهت بهینه‌سازی شرایط عملیاتی (دما و زمان) تولید نانوامولسیون با استفاده از روش آب مادونبحرانی طراحی آزمایش با روش پاسخ‌سطح در بازه دمایی 190-110 درجه سانتی‌گراد با مدت زمان حرارت دهی در آون در بازه 120-60 دقیقه انجام گرفت. پس از بهینه‌سازی انجام‌گرفته نتایج نشان داد که دمای 161 درجه سلسیوس و مدت‌زمان 97 دقیقه مناسب‌ترین حالت جهت تولید نانوامولسیون بوده که در این حالت کمترین میانگین اندازه ذرات (141 نانومتر) و کمترین شاخص پراکندگی 0.183 بدست آمد. خواص نانوامولسیون اسانس روغنی زیره سیاه تولیدشده در شرایط بهینه مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفته و نتایج حاصل از خاصیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی 53.63% و خاصیت ضد باکتریایی (قطر هاله ایجاد شده جهت جلوگیری از رشد باکتری) در مقابل دو باکتری گرم مثبت استافیلوکوکوس ارورئوس و گرم منفی اشرشیا کولی به ترتیب 1.8 و 1.6 سانتی متر بدست آمد، در نهایت نتایج حاصل از پایداری محصول تولید شده توسط آنالیز پتانسیل زتا مقدار 25.87- میلی ولت را نشان داد که نشان دهنده پایداری بالایی از محصول تولید شده می باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Optimization of operating conditions for the production of Carum Carvi essential oil nanoemulsion under subcritical water conditions using the RSM method and investigation of its antioxidant and antibacterial properties

نویسنده [English]

  • Omid Ahmadi

Faculty of Engineering, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran

چکیده [English]

Carum Carvi essential oil, possessing effective antioxidant compounds and strong antibacterial properties, is introduced as a natural source with high potential for applications in the food and healthcare industries. Optimizing the operational conditions for producing the nanoemulsion of this essential oil under subcritical water conditions using a response surface methodology provides uniform distribution, improved stability, and enhanced bioavailability of the active constituents. In this study, the oil phase (Carum Carvi essential oil), the aqueous phase (distilled water), and the emulsifier (Tween 80) were mixed in volume ratios of 0.62, 21.63, 2.75 mL, respectively, to optimize the operating conditions (temperature and time) for nanoemulsion production via subcritical water method. A design of experiments with a response surface approach was conducted in the temperature range of 110–190 °C and heating times of 60–120 minutes. Following optimization, the results indicated that a temperature of 161 °C and duration of 97 minutes were the most suitable conditions for nanoemulsion production, yielding the smallest average particle size (141 nm) and the lowest polydispersity index of 0.183. The properties of the nanoemulsion produced under the optimal conditions were evaluated: antioxidant activity of 63.53 %, and antibacterial activity (zone diameter indicating inhibition of growth) against both the Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus and the Gram-negative Escherichia coli, measured at 1.8 cm and 1.6 cm respectively. Finally, the product stability, assessed by zeta potential analysis, showed −25.87 mV, indicating high stability of the produced product.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Subcritical water
  • Carum Carvi essential oil
  • antioxidant
  • antibacterial
  • nanoemulsion
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